Yolculuk planlarken, gecikmeleri hesaba katmalısınız ---> You should ALLOW FOR delays when planning a journey

hesaba katmak --> to allow for, to take s.t into considiration

O bugün seni sordu, iyi olduğunu söyledim ---> Today, He asked after you, I told him/her you were fine.

Beni eleştirmeyi bırak ! --> Stop criticising me !  [ Stop bagging out me ! ]

Yeni proje kafamı karıştırdı --> The new project has confused me.

Yeni proje kafamı allak bullak etti --> The new project has balled me up.

allak bullak etmek = to make things complicated

Neyin peşindesin --> What are you after ?

Polis son iki gündür onun peşinde -- > The police are after him for the last two days.

Some religious terms in Turkish - I

Müslüman mısın ? --> Are you Moslem ?

Hristiyan mısın ? ---> Are you Christian ?

Musevi misin ? -----> Are you Jewish ?

Budist misin ? ------> Are you Budhist ?

Ateist misin ? -------> Are you Atheist ?

Hangi dine inanıyorsun ? --> What religion do you believe ?

Allaha inanıyor musun ? ----> Do you believe in God ?

Note : We have two words for " God "

1. Allah --> " Allah " is Islamic name for " God " and most common word. Almost everyone in Turkey uses this word. It is believed that the word " Allah " can not be replaced with any other word.

2. Tanrı ---> " Tanrı " is the Turkish word for "God" which is not common. Using this word is not welcomed by many people as those who use this word is considered as " weak Muslim" or " Nonmuslim " or " Secular Muslim " or even " Godless " people. Its still debatable.

Some religious terms in Turkish - II

Namaz kılmak --> To perform Islamic prayer which is 5 times a day.

O, 5 vakit namaz kılıyor --> He/She is performing Namaz 5 times a day.

Cenaze namazı --> Special prayer that is performed only in funerals

Melek --> Angel

Peygamber --> Prophet

Kuran --> Holy book of Islam [Qouran]

İncil ----> Holy book of Christianity

Tevrat ---> Holy book of Judaism

Hayır işlemek --> To perform good deeds

Sevap işlemek --> To perform good deeds

Sevaba girmek ---> To acquire merit by performing good deed

Kimsesizlere yardım edersen sevaba girersin --> If you help people who has no one, you will gain merit. [ you will acquire merit ]

Cennete gitmek ---> To go to heaven 

Cehenneme gitmek --> To go to hell

Günah --> Sin, fault

Günasız --> Sinless

Günahkar -- > Sinner

Günah işlemek ---> To commit sin

Hepimiz günahkarız ---> We all sinners.

I´ve heard once phrase "Aman Tanrım" (I guess it means something like "Oh my god"). Is it also considered inappriopriate to say this, or is it fine, assuming (probably) that one does not use it too often ?

I personally see no objection to saying "aman tanrım", but many don´t. 

Tengri (later became tanrı is "sky god",the chief deity of the early Turkic people. Tanrı is now mainly used as a general name of deities. You can say "savaş tanrısı" for example, "aşk tanrısı", but you cannot say "savaş/aşk allahı" as Allah is a proper name, applicable only to muslims´ peculiar god. 

 You hear that phrase  " Aman Tanrım" in translation of Western movies, since I was child I always heard translation of that phrase in Movies that was shown on turkish tv´s. If you ask me why they didnt translate it " Aman Allahım " , I would say that the people in the western movies are considered,assumed  to be "christians" [ I am against that assuming" as not all westerners in movies are " christian " ] , therefore our sound recorder people used that phrase when they translate it into Turkish. In their mind , Western people should use " Tanrım" not " Allah " as their God is different than our God. That s debatable again..

Some Religious Terms - III

İman = Faith [in God]

Allaha iman etmek --> to belive in Allah

                              to have a faith in Allah

Allaha iman edersen huzur bulursun ---> If you believe in God, you will find a peace.

huzur --> peace

we have another word for "peace" which is " barış". But we cant use it in this context.

Huzur is more like "inner peace" .

İçim huzurla doldu ---> Literarly [My inside is filled with peace] which means " Peace filled inside me "

Huzurum kalmadı --->  I have no peace left, I am peaceless .

Huzursuz gibisin --> You look uneasy.

Sadece orada huzur buluyorum ---> I find peace only there .

 The word " Belli "

Belli can be used in some different context such as;

1.  "belli" as "known"

Istanbul´a ne zaman geleceğim henüz belli değil --> [its not known yet that when i will come to Istanbul ] which means " I dont know yet When I will come to Istanbul " [not know]

" Belli " is used as "known " in the sentence above.

Sınav tarihi ne zaman daha belli değil. -->  The date of exam is unknown yet.

Benim sınav sonucum belli oldu --> [My exam result is known now] which means " I know my exam result "

2. " belli" as "obvious" , "clear"

 Yalan söylediği çok belli -->  It´s obvious that he/she lied [lies]

                                       It´s clear  that he/she lied [lies]

 Bu yazın çok sıcak olacağı belliydi --> It was obvious that this summer was gonna be very hot.

3. " belli " as " visible "

    Pantolonumdaki leke  belli mi ? --> Is the stain on my trouser visible ?

    Pantolonumdaki leke belli oluyor mu --> Is the stain on my trouser can be seen ?

4. " belli etmek " as " to show "

    Duygularını hiç belli etmiyorsun ---> You are not showing your emotions at all.

                                                     You dont show your emotions at all

5. " belli olmaz " as " one never know , You never tell "

     Belli olmaz, akşamki partiye gelebilirim --> You never know, I might come to tonight´s party.

     Belli olmaz,  her an yolları kapatabilirler --> You never tell, they can close the roads anytime.

A few more small corrections to your English. Hope you don´t mind and thanks again for this useful information.

You may already know, but to also help others with English, we always use the plural form of noun for "pants, shorts, jeans, trousers, underpants, overalls and work-clothes" .

  Years ago we used to say "I will buy a pair of jeans/shorts/pants/trousers", maybe because they all have ´two equal sections´ for legs. Sometimes you still hear "a pair of" said these days. "She is wearing a nice pair of jeans". 

RELATIVE NAMES

[AKRABA İSİMLERİ]

Anne --> Mother [ in old Turkish it was " Ana", some people still use it ]

Baba --> Father

Kayınvalide --> [polite] Mother in Law

Kaynana --> [not very polite] Mother in Law

Kayınpeder --> [polite] Father in Law

Kaynata  -->  Father in Law

Kızkardeş ---> Sister

Abi ------> Older brother

Abla -----> Older sister

Yenge ---> Sister in Law [ brother´s wife]

Görümce --> Sister in Law [ Husband´s sister ]

Baldız  ----> Sister in Law [ wife´s sister ]

Kayınbirader --> Brother in Law [ Husband´s or Wife´s brother ]

Enişte ---> Brother in Law [ sister´s husband ] or  Aunt´s husband

Teyze  --> Maternal aunt

Hala ---> Paternal aunt

Dayı ---->  Maternal uncle

Amca  ----> Patarnal uncle [ in countryside people still use the word " Emmi" for that ]

Anneanne --> Maternal grandmother

Babaanne ---> Paternal grandmother

Dede ---> Grandfather [ it can be used for both paternal and maternal sides]

Nene  ---> Great grandmother , Nany

Gelin ---> Daughter in law

Damat ---> Son in law

Yeğen  --->  Niece or Nephew

Scalpel, Tunci - thanks a lot for you help!

I heard this phrase for the first time on the radio, in the commercial of "Anadolu Sigorta" - because of that I thought it is commonly used.

I think that (at least sometimes) it works the other way too. In one movie which I´ve seen ("Gegen Die Wand" - "Duvara Karşı"), there is a scene where Turkish woman writes a letter to her husband, who is imprisoned in Germany. She writes that letter in German, and at one point she uses word "Gott" ("God"). I watched this movie with Polish subtitles, and this word was translated there as "Allah" - although there is nothing in the movie what would make you think that she and her husband are muslims, apart from the fact that both are Turkish.