When two nouns are joined , and the second takes a possessive suffix [i,ı,u,ü]

kapı kolu ---> door handle --> here we dont know which door handle, I mean is it of bedroom door ? or kitchen door ?, it is uncertain !!

kapı [door ] +kol[handle] +u [possessive suffix ]

araba anahtarı ---> car key

araba [ car ] + anahtar [key] + ı [ possessive suffix ]

when two nouns are joined , and both first and second take a possessive suffix [ first [ın, in, un, ün ]

kapının kolu ---> the door´s handle ---> here we know which door handle, it is a certain one. [ the ]

kapı [door] + n [buffering letter ] + ın [ "s" ] + kol [handle] + u [possessive suffix]

arabanın anahtarı ---> the car key ---> it is certain key

araba [car] + n [buffering letter ] + ın [ the] + anahtar [ key ] + ı [ possessive suffix]

Tunci can you break this sentence down please - what does it actually say in Turkish?  I cant seehow it translates as ´for a long time now´ 

Adam I can see your confusion which is quite normal as that is a sort of saying,I´ll try to explain you by breaking it up.

*Kendimi bildim bildim bileli ---> For a long time now.*

first there should be only one "bildim" may be i typed extra " bildim " in the original text.

Kendimi bildim bileli --->

kendi + m = kendim -->  myself

kendim + i [ this extra "i" for " bilmek" ] [ to know something needs "ı,i,u,ü]

bil [to know] + di [past tense] + m [person] -->  i knew

bil + [know] + eli [ this ending works as " since" ]

so lets put them together :

Kendimi bildim bileli -->  Since I knew myself 

that still doesnt ring any bell ? i know, it is still not clear. but when you think on it you will see that that makes sense.

when we born we dont know who we are, as we grow we realize who we are, so children comes to realization of themselves when they are about 4-5 years old. I remember my times when i was 5 years old. So i started knowing myself then. therefore by saying this we mean " For a long time now"

this grammer point we use has a formula actually which is as follows ;

VERB + PAST TENSE + PERSON       VERB [repeat the same verb] + ELI,ALI[according to vowel harmony]

BAŞLA + DI   +    M                    BAŞLA     + Y [BUFFERING LETTER] + ALI

BAŞLADIM BAŞLAYALI = SINCE I STARTED

Okula başladım başlayalı annemi görmedim ---> Since I started the school, I havent seen my mother. [ the day I started the school I havent seen my mother ]

Türkçe öğrenmeye başladım başlayalı boş zamanım olmadı --> Since I started learning Turkish I didnt have a spare time.

O buradan gitti gideli bana hiç telefon etmedi. -->  Since he/she left home , he/she didnt ring me. [ He/she didnt ring me since he left home ]

I hope it will help you ..

Great explanation tunci!  Thanks very much

 The Verb " Kaldırmak " can have few different meanings due to context.

Arabanı oradan kaldır --> Move your car from there.

Arabayı bir türlü kaldıramadı --> He/She couldnt get the car moving somehow.

Şekeri masadan kaldırır mısın ? --> Would you pick the sugar up from the table ?

                                                Would you remove the sugar from the table.

Bavulu o kadar ağır ki kaldıramıyor --> His/Her luggage is so heavy that he/she cant lift it up.

Senin aptalca şakalarını artık kaldıramıyorum --> I cant endure your silly jokes anymore.

Hadi kadeh kaldıralım ! --> Lets toast !

         Various usage of " cover " and " to cover "

Kar bütün şehri kapladı --> The snow covered all over the city.

Bu para tatil masraflarınızı karşılar --> This money would cover your holiday [expenses]

Üzerini ört --> Cover it.

Üzerini toprakla ört --> Cover it with soil.

Ekmegi bir bezle ört --> Cover the bread with a cloth.

Tarla 50 hektardan fazla bir alanı kaplıyor --> The field covers more than 50 acres.

Yeni poliçemiz evdeki tüm mobilyaları kapsıyor --> Our new policy covers all furnitures in the house

3 günde 350 km yol aldılar ---> They covered 350 km in 3 days.

Yatak örtüsü --> Bedcover

Albüm Kapağı --> Album cover

Birlikler savaş uçaklarının koruması altında ilerliyorlardı ---> The troops were progressing under the cover of fighter jets

Bahane = excuse

Her şeye bir bahanen var --> You have an excuse for everything

Bahane etme = Dont make an excuse

Yorgunluğunu bahane etme ---> Dont use your tiredness as an excuise

Pes etme ---> Dont give up

Saçmalama ---> Dont talk nonesense

Saçmalamayı bırak --> Stop talking nonsense

Hele Şükür ! --> Thank Goodness, Finally !, At Last !

Hele Şükür geldin ! --> Finally you came ! [ after long waiting ]

Hem suçlu,hem güçlü [colloquial]--> He/She is guilty himself ,yet he/she acts innocent and doesnt hesitate to impugn others.

Hi Tunci, firstly I really appreciate the informative posts you have added in this section. Çok teşekkürler! 

I made some small corrections to your English translations. "Furniture" normally means several items, ("furnitures" kullanmıyoruz) and is considered ´plural´ unless you say something like ´a piece´ of furniture. 

Thanks Henri , I appreciate you correcting my english errors.

Rica ederim 

Yolculuk planlarken, gecikmeleri hesaba katmalısınız ---> You should ALLOW FOR delays when planning a journey

hesaba katmak --> to allow for, to take s.t into considiration

O bugün seni sordu, iyi olduğunu söyledim ---> Today, He asked after you, I told him/her you were fine.

Beni eleştirmeyi bırak ! --> Stop criticising me !  [ Stop bagging out me ! ]

Yeni proje kafamı karıştırdı --> The new project has confused me.

Yeni proje kafamı allak bullak etti --> The new project has balled me up.

allak bullak etmek = to make things complicated

Neyin peşindesin --> What are you after ?

Polis son iki gündür onun peşinde -- > The police are after him for the last two days.