Being ashamed of one´s mistakes plays an important role in learning. Seriously.

Oh, harp00n, why didn´t you come half an hour ago before I put myself into it? I blushed now.

jolanaze,

1st sentence: Use varmak ´arrive´. Don´t repeat the same tense and personal endings twice, use the the -ip construction for ´and´.

Salı gece varıp ... otelde kalacağım.

2nd sentence: I guess for ´or´ questions we need yoksa. No question word in the sentence, so add mi.  -  Ok, add two. I would use present continuous for this wanting but how would I know? When adding the question particle after your three dots mind any vowel harmony rules that you know.

Çarsamba saat ikide ... otelde mi yoksa .... mi buluşmak istiyorsun?

Wait for the teacher. I might have just changed your mistakes into my mistakes...

My Try:

Man is the state: he is the one who rules, protects, owns, benefits. Woman is the nation: it is only her who keeps the state on its feet.

But Allah knows in order to hide what I want to grow old close to Him.

No matter how clever people are they are stupid enough to be cheated to believe the promise of someone they love.

My Lord, make us soaking wet in the rains of love. 

The second one is too difficult for me. saklıyayım is subjunctive, it should express purpose. Besides, I don’t know if yan|ı|n|da refers to Allah or ne. In a crooked way I see both alternatives have their logic. Tulip, wait for someone who will explain it.

Thank you for reading it, scalpel.

If we need to put all –ki phrases under the same headline it should be “Equivalents to English relative clauses”. This is the explanation that Wikipedia article writer has used (I didn’t look further what his/her sources were). In a way it makes sense if you just imagine some dropped elements. A different question is whether you always need to explain everything through English grammar.

In its morphological transparency it find it a very fascinating structure.

You know, scalpel, for a moment I thought you were serious.

My Try:

Profesyonel bir fotoğraf makinem yok. Bütün resimlerimi basit Sony Cyber-shot’ımla çektim. Bu İstanbul’daki en iyi çekimlerimden birisi. Dürüstçe, bu resime hiçbir özel efekt katmak istemiyorum. Olduğu gibi kusursuzdur.

The use of the suffix -ki  -  even though it is an indeclinable clitic  -  comes to the area of pronouns. –ki creates equivalents to English relative clauses or independent possessive pronouns (of the type mine, yours, ours). –ki does not produce pronouns but generally adjectives. Instead, in the declined word it represents the pronoun which can be seen in all the following examples. -ki is actually a text book example of a pronoun according to its definition: it comes to the phrase to substitute a noun, it stands in the agglutinated word pro noun.

–ki is typically attached to genitive words and expressions of place or time.

Ayşe|nin|ki ‘the one that belongs to Ayşe’

bizim|ki ‘the one that belongs to us’

arkadaş|lar|ınız|ın|ki ‘ the one that belongs to your friends’

ön|ünüz|de|ki ‘the one that is in front of you’

dün|kü ‘that of yesterday’

İzmir|’de|ki ‘the one that is in Izmir.

Any pronominal form containing –ki can be further modified. It can take the plural –ler:

masa|da|ki|ler ‘those which are on the table’.

A case suffix can be further added either to the singular or the plural form (note that the pronominal –n- is used after –ki only in the singular):

ben|de|ki|n|e ‘to the one that I have’

ev|in|ki|ler|i ‘the ones belonging to the house (ACC)’

In addition, the markers ile, -ce and –siz can be added to a word with –ki:

sokak|ta|ki|yle ‘with the one on the street’

The clitic –ki is like a full stop in a word. What is not usually possible in Turkish morphology, like doubled plural marking or the same case ending repeated twice can be found in words with –ki.

masa|lar|da|ki|ler ‘the ones that are on the tables’

ev|de|ki|ler|de ‘in the ones in the house’

Even though the morphology seems complicated the meaning is quite practical and ordinary. The same can be said about the example with two –ki’s.

ev|de|ki|ler|in|ki ‘the one belonging to those at home’.

(I used the usual web sites, Lewis 1969 and Göksel – Kerslake 2004.)

This is a little provocating question, I admit.

Turkish adjectives are not declined. This is the first good news for all learners especially because the group of adjectives is very wide. For instance, basic numerals are adjectives just like many stems of indefinite and determinative pronouns.

The problem is that when you take a closer look, adjectives seem to decline all the time.

Uçan balonlar ne kadar yükseğe çıkabilir?

Ucuza al, pahalıya sat.

Kırmızıdan sonra dirençleri arttı.

Uzunla kısanın, şişmanla zayıfın arkadaşlığından korkacaksın.

I understand these adjectives are used as nouns and their governing word has been dropped from the sentence. But it is still amazingly simple: no derivation is needed, just go ahead and paste the case endings straight to the adjective. Maybe we should write the rule again: Turkish adjectives are not declined, except when they are declined, and in this case they are interpreted as nouns.

The real question is, does it work this way with all adjectives or are some of them more liberal than others? In other words, can any adjective be used as a noun?

My Try:

Worthless people. All of them know things like who loves whom and whose hand is in whose pocket. Low life dishonourable people. What a shame.