Gentlemen, I think a noun phrase is a term of parse. The phrase is a noun in its relationship with the verbal phrase of the sentence, that is the predicate and its modifiers.

Whereas we talk about compound nouns in connection of lexeme classification, parts of speech.

They represent two different ways to see it.

I may be wrong.

You’re right, deli. öde|mez|se|m is more like ‘if I don’t/won’t pay’ to be exact. And exact we are. Another example:

         Faturalarımı zamanında ödemezsem ne olur?

I can explain some simple things to beginners but under your supervision only. Grammar is my own field, you know, but Turkish is only theory for me. I don´t use it for anything. That´s why I may sometimes do a difficult sentence correct but stumble in a simple one. There are 60 million native speakers but I don´t know even one of them (except the wonderful natives in this site, of course).

Of course not, tunci. Thank you. As the matter of fact I just noticed it´s so much easier to be a learner.

I made some of them for you. I hope there is not too much to correct in my corrections…

·  It costs 99 euros and 50 cents. O fiyet 99 euro ve 55 cent.

Fiyatı 99 avro 55 sent. (fiyat + poss 3^rd sg ‘its price&rsquo

·  I don´t have a cat. Ben kedi var yok

Bir kedim yok. (kedi + poss 1^st sg ‘my cat’; var ‘there is’, yok ‘there isn’t)

·  Look at the clock! Bak saatta

Saate bak. (word order, as a beginner place the verb to the end; bakmak takes dative, but notice that saat exceptionally breaks vowel harmony)

·  I wear shoes. Ben ayak kapı giyiyorum.

Ayakkaplarını giyiyorum. (sg. ayakkabı, pl. ayakkapları because it’s a compound noun actually, accusative ending because it is the object of the action)

·  I am making a cake. Ben Börek yapıyorum .

Bir pasta yapıyorum. (börek is more like a pie, I guess; Remember indefinite article)

·  I´m reading a book. Ben bir kitap okuyurum

Bir kitap okuyorum. (a small typo only; forget about ben all the time, use it only when in need)

·  We are reading newspapers. Biz gazte okuyoruz.

Gazeteler okuyoruz. (plural in the English translation)

·  Have you got a car? Sen araba var musun?

Bir araban var mı? (bir undefinite article; araba + poss suff 2^nd sg; The possessive construction is made with the possessive ending, not with personal pronoun.)

·  I did not close the door. Ben kapı Kaplımadım

Kapıyı kapatmadım. (kapı + buffer + accusative ending, kapat + negation + past tense + personal ending sg 1^st)

·  I can use this machine. Ben makine kullanabillerim

Bu makineyi kullanabilirim. (makine + buffer + accusative ending; kullan + potential + aorist suffix + personal ending sg 1st)

________

If you ask me you should go back to the basics. Make five sentences a day only but be prompt. Every suffix and letter is there for a reason. Before you continue you should check at least the noun cases, possessive construction and personal endings of verbs.

The good news is your vowels are mostly in their places (Arabic speakers often have trouble in this.)

Beni üzme, lütfen. ´Please, don´t make me sad.´

Lesson number one, nifrtity. Pack them nicely. (We can´t leave the job for the teacher, can we?)

·  It costs 99 euros and 50 cents. O fiyet 99 euro ve 55 cent.

·  I don´t have a cat. Ben kedi var yok

·  Look at the clock! Bak saatta

·  I wear shoes. Ben ayak kapı giyiyorum.

·  I am making a cake. Ben Börek yapıyorum .

·  I´m reading a book. Ben bir kitap okuyurum

·  We are reading newspapers. Biz gazte okuyoruz.

·  Have you got a car? Sen araba var musun?

·  I did not close the door. Ben kapı Kaplımadım

·  I can use this machine. Ben makine kullanabillerim

Thanks, tunci, si++. You are so full of knowledge it bubbles out of you. You just need more challenging learners here.

Do you remember, there was a short discussion about a similar matter here a few months ago: a member wanted to know how to express ‘too big’, ‘too much’ in the opposition with ‘very big’, ‘very much’. Only çok was mentioned in the beginning (it is a word with a huge meaning), later aşırı and fazla with some reservations. Anyway, it seemed that ‘too’ and ‘very’ is not a very central opposition in Turkish.

I am fond of pronouns in every language. Just a few pawns to play with, not much to remember but a huge world of meanings. If you learn them well you can give listeners the impression you really master the language. And if you don’t you just end up in troubles in your first sentence because they are so frequent in speech. What is special about Turkish pronouns is the use of possessive suffixes in them. Just like they have both indefinite and definite meanings.

The difference between a few and few, if we talk about countables, what is is then?

"Many left Maurras, and few returned when, in 1939, Pius XII lifted the interdict."

Can one use the Turkish çok and az independently the same way as many and few above? If the answer is yes, do they take their predicate in sg or pl?