Aslına bakarsan ---> This expression basically means "in fact " or ---> "to tell the truth"/"as a matter of fact"

- Aslına bakarsan, burada hiçbir şey değişmedi.

In fact, nothing changed here.

- Aslına bakarsan, Hamit iyi bir çocuktur.

In fact, Hamit is a good boy.

- Aslına bakarsan, bu işten çıkmayı düşünüyorum.

To tell the truth, I am thinking to leave this job.

The last form is mostly used for past & present tense.

Tişört alacağı yerde pantalon almış. ---> Instead of  buying t-shirt,he/she bought a trouser.

Seni anlamıyorum. Tişört alacağın yerde pantalon alıyorsun !

I don´t get you, you are buying trouser instead of buying a t-shirt ! 

* Note that this kind of comparasion contains feeling of being displeased with the person´s choice of buying more than a mere comparasion. In other words, "you are supposed to do this but you are doing something else instead"

* The suffix to negate a verb is -ME/MA. 

* The present continuous tense suffix is -yor

* With present continuous tense -e/a ---> ı-i-u-ü alteration happens. 

gel + me + yor ----> gel + mi + yor [he/she is not coming]

kal + ma+ yor ----> kal + mı + yor [he/she is not staying]

oku + ma + yor ----> oku + mu + yor [ he/she is not reading]

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*Negating simple past tense verbs,  there is no vowel alteration with -ma/me

gelmedi

kalmadı

okumadım

Complete the blanks in the sentences below.

1)  Seni burada  gördüğüme  şaşırdım.

I am suprised to see you here.

2) Davetiyeleri  henüz  göndermediler.

They haven´t sent the invitations yet.

3) İstanbul´da  olmasaydı  buraya  gelirdi.

If he weren´t in İstanbul he´d come here.

4) Ne olduğunu  öğrenmek  istiyorum.

I want to know what happened.

Complete the blanks in the sentences below.

1)  Sen. bura..  gör......  şaşırdım.

I am suprised to see you here.

2) Dave........  he...  gönder.......

They haven´t sent the invitations yet.

3) İstanbul´..  ol.......  bura..  gel....

If he weren´t in İstanbul he´d come here.

4) Ne oldu....  öğren...  istiyorum.

I want to know what happened.

Synecdoche

A  figure  of  speech  in which the name of a part is used to stand for the whole or the whole for a part /the specific for the general, the general for the specific, or the material for the thing made from  it.

Yelkenli su almaya başladı. ---> The sailing boat started to put out the sea.

Here, "yelkenli " is used in place of "tekne [boat]"

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Tren Ankara´ya girdi. -----> The train entered into Ankara.

In fact, Ankara stands for "Ankara train station".

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Son iki haftadır Orhan Pamuk okuyorum. ---> I have been reading Orhan Pamuk for the last two weeks.

In fact, by saying "Orhan Pamuk "  we mean " Orhan Pamuk´s books. "

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Eve haber vermeden gitme. ---> Don´t go without telling [informing] home.

The whole part [Ev] stands for the part [mother/father etc..] 

-----------------------

Bütün salon alkışladı. ---> The whole salon clapped.

Actually it wasn´t saloon who clapped, it was " all of the people in saloon " who clapped.

  -men/-man

This is very functional suffix. This suffix may also come on to some verb stems.

- Çevir + men --->  Translator

- Göç +  men ---> Immigrant/Migrant

- Öğret + men ---> Teacher

- Kat + man ----> Layer

- Say  + man ----> Bookkeeper/accounting officer

- Et + men --->  Factor

- Düzelt + men ---> Proofreader/editor

- Eleştir  + men ----> Critic

- Eğit + men -----> Instructor

- Okut + man ----> Instructor/Lecture

- Yönet + men ----> Director / Film director

In old times, we had an alternative  Turkish  word for "futbol " ---> Ayaktopu [ Foot´s ball ]

Complex compounds

These kind of compounds are formed of 3 elements , that of the first twoelements form "noun phrase" whereas the whole are considered as "adjective phrase"

Fransız   malı   ürünler ----> French [France] made products

1             2       3 

Noun phrase

Fransız   malı  ---> make of France [French make]

  1           2    

Adjective phrase

Fransız   malı   ürünler ----> The products of French make 

  1           2         3

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Adana  usulü dolma --->  Adana style dolma. [Dolma in Adana way ]

1            2        3 

Noun phrase

Adana  usulü  ----> Adana way

1            2 

Adjective phrase

Adana  usulü dolma 

1           2        3  

Eyle- 

This auxiliary verb still exists in some archaic forms and colloquial speech as a verb and an auxiliary verb.

It´s original form was "edle-" in old Turkish. "Eyle " form came into use in old Anatolian Turkish and many compound verbs were formed with it.

- Rabbim ne eylerse güzel eyler.

 Whatever God does He does good.

- Neyleyim malı mülkü ? 

[ Ne + eyle +yim]

What will I do with earthly things ? [I don´t need any earthly possessions]

* Eylemek may also mean as " to keep someone busy "

- Eyleme beni , daha yapacak çok işim var. 

Don´t keep me busy,I´ve still got many things to do.

* It may be used as an expression of begging someone not to do something.

- Etme eyleme ! acı bana. 

Please don´t do!  pity on me.