çekimli eylem ----> finite verb  

The finite forms of a verb are the forms where the verb shows tense, person or number

geldim(gel-di-m) ---> I came.

geldi(get-di)  ------> He/she/it came.

geldin (gel + di-n)---> You came.

geldiniz (gel+di+niz) ---> you[plural] came.

geldik ( gel +di + k) ---> we came.

geldiler (gel +di+ler)----> they came.

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hastayım(hasta-y-ım) ----> I am ill.

hastasın(hasta-sın)-------> you are ill.

hastasınız ------------> You [plural] are ill.

hasta, hasadır (hasta-dır) ---> he/she/it is ill.

hastayız (hasta-y-iz)--------> we are ill.

hastalar, hastadırlar (hasta-dır-lar) ----> they are ill.

Cins isim --->  common noun  

Common nouns are general names for people, places and things

 Ev, insan, kedi, dağ, nehir, şehir, düşünce, us, annelik, ordu ..etc..

bitişken dil ------> agglutinative language  

Turkish is an agglutinative language. The word "agglutinative" is derived from the Latin verb agglutinare, which means "to glue together. In Turkish the roots of the word can not be divided. Instead, the new words  are formed by adding prefixes or suffixes to the words.

Göz --> Eye

Gözlük --> Glasses

Gözlükçü ---> Optician

Gözlüksüz ---> without glasses

Gözlem ---> observation

Gözleme ---> a kind of thin börek cooked on a sheet.

Other  agglutinative languages are Hungarian, Mongolian ...

birleşik sıfat  -----> compound adjective  

 
beyaz tenli kız ---> white skin  girl. [the girl with white skin ]

beyaz [white] + ten [sking] + li [with] ---> with white skin

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güler yüzlü  ------> smiling face, cheerful face.

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kalın kafalı ---------> with thick head, thick headed, thicko

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birleşik eylem ----> compound verb, complex verb  

a multi-word compound that acts as a single verb

His [feeling] + s [repeating the last consonant]+ etmek [auxiliary verb ] --> Hissetmek

Hissetmek = to feel

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Kayıp [ Loss,missing ] + Kaybetmek [ "ı" drops and "p" changes into "b" ]

Kaybetmek ----> to lose

Kayıp + etmek [ auxiliary verb ]

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Hasta [ ill,sick] + olmak [  auxiliary verb "to be" ]---->  Hasta olmak = To be sick [ill], to get sick [ill].

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Teşekkür [thank ] + etmek [ auxiliary verb ] ------> Teşekkür etmek = To thank

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benzeşmezlik -----> dissimilation, differentiation  

In some words, the consonants are changed into other consonants by some people in daily speak and in some local dialects. [ not in writing]

Correct spelling       transformed spelling [wrong way]

muşamba ----------> muşamma

aktar ---------------> attar

fincan ---------------> filcan

tekrar ----------------> tekral

aşçı  ------------------> ahçı

birader -----------------> bilader

belirtme sıfatı -----> determinative adjective  

 Bu kitap ---> This book 

 O adam-----> That man

 hangi ağaç ----> Which tree ?

 ne biçim ? --->  What sort? , what kind ?

 dördüncü ev--->  The fourth house

 kimi insanlar ----> Some people

.......etc....

 Selam Mohamed, I am glad you want to learn turkish. There are free Turkish Lessons in this website, if you follow them daily basis, I am sure you will improve your Turkish.

Si++ , thanks for your suggestion.