OK. But the problem with only two words, in poor grammatical Turkish, means it gives us endless possiblities for interpreting it gök.

So we have:

1. they meant to say Özge kim = Who is Özge.

2. they meant to say. Kim? Özge mi? = Who? Özge?

I am sure there are more.

Two words are much more fun and more likely to mislead us than a well-formulated long sentence!

Agree.

Could also be "I am working on it, but first ..."

or "I am trying to, but first ...." 

Depends on the context. If the previous text/post had been a question like "aren´t you going to reply?" these would be alternatives.

Just to help learners, I´ll add that "şimdi" and "şu anda" (or its short form "şuan") are Turkish for now as in "right now", "at this moment".

Zamanımızda means "in our times". It can be used like "nowadays" - this time period. Or it can be used like "in my day" -- older people reminisicing ("in my day children would respect their parents"). It wouldn´t be used for I am busy now.

 Agree, a short sentence (often from a text, or Facebook) needs to be in context.

I would think it is the same as "No. Where did that come from now?" or "No. Where did you get that idea from?" in English.

You can´t translate literally when dealing with colloquial expressions. O nereden çıktı means literally "where did he/she/it appear from". But it is usually used as "where did it come from". If said in response to a surprising comment (as implied by the "yok"), it is more likely "where did that idea come from".

 Abla, I think if we change the punctuation in #1 it makes sense, and also has a connection to #2.

"Şans, donanımlı olanın yanındadır." Birine, "çok şanslı" dediğinizde bir daha düşünün.

Luck helps those who are equipped/prepared. Think twice before you say to someone "you are very lucky".

(It can´t be the equipment of luck because that would be şans donanımı)

 Re the helmet.

Doesn´t matter whether you are speeding or not. It´s not only illegal, but the fine could be you pay with your life.

One hit of your head on the hard tarmac and you´re a gonna! Don´t do something just because there´s a fine if you don´t - do it because you value your own life (or even more importantly the life of your pillion passengers).

There was a terribly sad story in the Turkish news last month about a guy knowcked off his bike and killed because he didn´t have a crash helmet on. Sadly, the ironic thing is he was on the way to pay a fine he´d received a few days earlier for not having a crash helmet on.

 Sadly, I went to school during a period when the fashion for teaching English was not only "no conjugating of sentences" but also a real dumbing down so that verbs were "doing words", adjectives "describing words" and that was about it. However, it hasn´t stopped me learning fluent Turkish. I find the best way is to understand how the word is being used in the sentence:

1. Çocukça = childish. Well all loved him/her, despite his/her childish actions.

2. Güzelce = well/nicely. Listen well to what I have to say, then after that you can start work.

3. Sürece = while/during/all the time/ as long as.

Lit: It seems impossible for them to prepare a good project while they do not study earlier exercises.

Free: It is impossible for them to prepare a good project without studying/ unless they study earlier exercises.

4. Japonca = Japanese. The difficulty of the alphabet is a factor that makes Japanese so hard to learn.

5. Genişçe = wide/fairly wide. S/he prepared a fairly wide report on the subject and brought it to us.

 Me too! Some of these threads are getting like a PhD in philology.

 Agree with the correction given above by Harp00n. "Bir" is a number so comes before the word "kadeh" glass as it is specifiying how many glasses. Kırmızı (red) is describing the wine, so in word order it comes before şarap.

About your other questions:

Bardak is a glass. Fincan is a cup. Kupa is a mug. Basically bardak is made of clear glass, fincan is small ceramic/china and kupa is large ceramic/china.

You would normally have a fincan of Turkish coffee. Other coffee (nescafe, filter) would be in a fincan or kupa. Tea always used to be in a bardak, but now fincan is also popular.

Kadeh, however, is a special word used for alcohol. You would have a kadeh of wine, rakı etc.

kabiliyet - talent