I think these examples are a bit confusing. For instance the one with "go to" looks discussable to me. The more I look at the second sentence (I go to play tennis), to more strange it appears to me.
1. I go to Ankara. (Ankara'ya gidiyorum.)
2. I go to play tennis. (Tenis oynamaya gidiyorum.)
The question is "are these to's identical or different? In other words, the second to, is it part of the infinitive or is it the same to as in sentence one? Their translation into Turkish is done the same way.
There are many smillar to's in English, are't there? For instance like these ones:
have to
need to
try to
forget to
prepared to
requested to
used to
be ready to
I never thought too much about these to's and just accepted them as they are. I'm not sure whether or not they belong to the precing word or the next word if they are followed by a verb. The answer you are looking for could be in these details. I'm not sure.
You could think the other way. Lets assume there is a -mek, -mak form which needs to be translated into English.
tenis oynamak...
to play tenis...
okula gitmek...
to go to the school...
yüzmek...
to swim...
duymak...
to hear...
gitmek...
to go...
Now, for any of these uncompleted sentences can you complete the English sentence in such a way that the -mek, -mak form is incorrect? I guess whenever the infinitive is clearly stated in the English sentence, it is possible to translate it with the mek, mak form. In other words, if you used the verbs "to hear" or "to go" in such sentences where the infinitive is clearly stated it would be possible to translate them with the -mek, -mak form.
It's very nice to hear your voice.
Sesini duymak çok güzel.
I guess it would be a good idea to give samples for the ones I mentioned:
have to
You have to go. Gitmek zorundasın. (Gitmelisin)
need to
I need to know. Bilmem gerekiyor. (Bilmeliyim)
You need to stay here. Burada durman gerekiyor. (Burada durmalısın)
try to
Try to understand. Anlamaya çalış.
What you are trying to do is impossible. Yapmaya çalıştığın şey imkansız.
Try to calm down. Sakin olmaya çalış
forget to
I have forgotten to mention this. Bunu bahsetmeyi unuttum.
I forgot to buy milk. Süt almayı unuttum.
prepared to
I'm prepared to leave. Gitmeye hazırım.
used to
I used to smoke. Eskiden sigara içerdim.
I used to talk a lot. Eskiden çok konuşurdum.
be ready to
Are you ready to leave? Gitmeye hazır mısın?
I'm ready to start. Başlamaya hazırım.
I'm not an expert of English. My English level is average, but I feel like we are talking of two different things here considering the verbs on each set below.
1. I would like to see this.
2. 'To see' it from by eyes you need to look carefully.
1. You need to understand that these two things are different.
2. 'To understand' the difference between the two is tricky.
1. I have to leave now.
2. It wasn't very nice 'to leave' so early.
1. Before you start to play tennis, you need to warm up.
2. You need to warm up 'to play' tennis properly.
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