7. The suffixes that come onto the numbers are separated by an apostrophe.

1985’te  ----> In 1985

 8’inci madde  ---> 8th Article 

 2’nci kat  ----> 2th floor

 657’yle   ----->  with 657

6.  Apostrophe is also used to separate the suffixes that comes on to the abbreviations. 

TBMM’nin    [ TBMM = the Turkish National Assembly] 

TDK’nin        [ Turkish Language  Institution]

 BM’de           [ BM = United Nations]

 ABD’de         [ ABD = United States of  America]

 TV’ye            [ TV =  Television]

In Turkish -Apostrophe- serves for the following purposes;

1. When proper names take possessive or case suffixes ;

Atatürk’ün  ---> Atatürk´s

Türkiye´mizin  en güzel şehri  ---> the most beautiful city of  our Turkiye.

Fatih Sultan Mehmet’e

Yunus Emre’yi

Cebrail’den

Samanyolu’nda

2.   In shortened  proper nouns.

Istanbul  Boğazı  ---> Istanbul  Strait.

when we drop " İstanbul" we are left with "Boğaz´ and we refer " Istanbul strait" when we just use "boğaz´. Therefore it is still a ´ proper name´ and takes apostrophe. 

Boğaz´dan ---> From the straight [in fact we refer " Istanbul Boğazı".

3. When we refer a certain law, we use apostrophe.

Bu  kanun´un 17. maddesinin  c  bendi…. 

 Article 17th of this law……..

4. When  compound noun "Avrupa Birliği"  takes suffix ;

Avrupa  Birliği´ne üye ülkeler…..

The member state of  European Union….

Attention 1 !  If  a proper name with 3th singular personal marking takes another  different suffix, then we don´t use an apostrophe.

   Boğaz Köprümüzün güzelliği,----> The beauty of  Bosphorus Bridge.

Attention 2 !  The suffixes that are attached onto  institution, commission, assembly and business names can not be separated with apostrophe.

   Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisine  --> to  the Turkish National Assembly

    Türk Dil Kurumundan  --->  From the Turkish Language Institution..

    Mavi Köşe Bakkaliyesinden  ---> From the Blue Corner shop…

Attention 3 !  Words like " Başbakanlık" [the prime minister´s office], "Rektörlük" [ The office of  a Rector] follows  with a suffix that starts with a vowel , they changes into "Başbakanlığa", Rektörlüğe" and they don´t take an apostrophe.

Attention 4 !   The derivational suffixes, plural suffix and the following suffixes that comes onto proper nouns, can not be separated by an apostrophe.

Türklük  ---> Turkishness   [  -lük is derivational suffix]

Avrupalı ---> European [person]     [ -lı  is derivational suffix]

Hristiyanlıktan  ----> From Christianity 

Mehmetler  ----> Mehmets     [ -ler  is plural suffix]

5.  When person names take  titles, the following suffixes are separated by an apostrophe.

Ahmet  Bey´e  ----> to  Mr. Ahmet

Ayşe  Hanım´dan ---> From Ayşe Hanım

Enver  Paşa´ya   ---> to Enver Pasha

Complete the sentences with appropriate words or suffixes.

1.  He  is like his father in many  ways --->   [O] Birçok   ……   babası..  benze. 

2.  Unlike her mother she never loses hope  - ->   Annesi..   ters…  h…    umudunu  yitir…

3.  She will be able to speak Turkish in 3 months --->  ..    ay  için..  Türkçe  konuşa……

4.  May I make a suggestion ? -->    Bir öneride buluna….    ….. ? 

Kızın yiyecek hiçbir şeyi yok -----> 

If we break it into  literal elements ;

Her anything = hiçbir şeyi 

Kızın  hiçbir şeyi ---> The girl´s anything  

Kızın yiyecek hiçbir şeyi   ---> The girl´s anything to eat

Kızın yiyecek hiçbir şeyi yok --> There is not anything of the girl to eat.

which means ;

The girl has nothing to eat. [ The girl has not got anything to eat]

hiçbir şeyi ---> His/her nothing ,  in our case, nothingness is possessed by  the girl.

the girl´s nothing  [ the girl has nothing]

complicated ?   

They are fixed expressions formed of two verbs by using -ip. You can form them with many other verbs as long they are used in a right context and they make sense together. 

For example ;

Gelip gitmek =  to come and go. 

Gelip gitmesi zor bir yer. ---> It is difficult to visit [to go] that place [beacuse it is far or the road is bad...etc]

 =======================

Okuyup incelemek = to read review

Raporu okuyup incelemem lazım ---> I need to read and review the report.

Sometimes we don´t need to put an indefinite article "bir".  

Sol eliyle cep telefonu tutuyor. ---> Here, we can consider that there is  "bir" before "cep telefonu". In practice , we sometimes don´t put indefinite article when we refer an indefinite object. 

Bir cep telefonu almam lazım --> I need to buy a mobile phone.

Cep telefonu almam lazım --> I need to buy a mobile phone.

-----------------------------------------------------

Cep telefonunu sakla ---> Can mean;

Hide your mobile phone

Hide his/her mobile phone --->  [onun] cep telefonunu sakla

Hide the mobile phone

Hoş geldin Abla.  

Yes, you are right. In second sentence, "mobile phone " is indefinite . So, it should be "a mobile phone". 

- mAk  durumunda  

This  newly formed rarely used form functions  like ´zorunda´ [have to].

 Verb + durumunda + personal marking

 yapmak  +  durumunda + y + ız 

 Bu  duyuruyu  yapmak durumundayız. ----> We have to make this announcement. 

 --------------------------------------

 Bir  karar vermek durumundayım ----> I have to make a decision.

 ---------------------------------------

 Faturaları ödemek durumundasın ----> You have to pay the bills. 

 ----------------------------------------

 Restoranda hesabı kendi ödemek durumunda kaldı ---> He himself had to pay the bill in the restaurant.

Verb + verb  collocation 

Collocations are partly or fully fixed expressions.

Verb+ verb  type of collocations are ;

dönüp  bakmak  ---> to look back at

Geçmişe dönüp baktığımda sadece acıları görüyorum.

When I look back at past , all I see is pain[s].

========================

yakıp  yıkmak  ----> to ravage, to devastate

Göstericiler  ortalığı  yakıp yıktı. --->  The protesters  ravaged all around [everywhere]

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vurup  devirmek  ---- >  to hit hard and knock, to gun somebody down.

Adam vurduğunu devirdi ---> The man knocked everyone that he hit.