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02 Mar 2006 Thu 09:41 pm |
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a) What are the Turkish words for "strike" (stopping of work due to an industrial action) and money "safe"? Are these directly taken from English or written in Turkish? |
We say "grev". We have also the word "lokavt". I don't know anything that means safe and is taken from Enhlish.
Quote: b) How do you say "to shoot" and "to score" in Turkish. So here I am asking regarding both nouns and verbs in Turkish. |
To shoot is "vurmak" and is unrelated but in football we have "şut" which is "a shot in football".
To score is either "skor yapmak" (to make a score) or "derece yapmak". We also use "skor" as noun.
Basketbol takımınız çok iyi bir skor yaptı.
Our basketball team made a great score.
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c) What is the attitude of the Turks towards such written/said English loanwords in Turkish? Do they laugh or see it strange when they see an English word written in Turkish phonetically? |
The words that are written according Turkish phonetics are Turkish words. They are no more English. It doesnt matter where from they are originated.
For instance the words doktor, telefon, televizyon, ,radyo, otomobil, duş, kilo, metre, etc. are Turkish words. Their origin might be different but this doesnt mean these words are not Turkish. All the 1300 words adopted from European languages are Turkish. There are also a couple of thousand words adopted from Persian and Arabic and they are Turkish words as well.
If we dig into origins of words we would see that half of the English words or French words or German words are taken from other languages.
The words written according Turkish phonetics are not a problem at all. They are ours. The problem occurs when two words with smillar meanins compete to each other.
For instance we have three words with the same meaning.
1. "doktor" an originally French word,
2. "hekim" an originally Arabic word, and
3. "tabip" an originally Arabic word have the same meaning.
Their usage in todays Turkia is approximately as follows. (I just made them up)
1. "doktor" %80
2. "hekim" %17
3. "tabip" %3
Because doktor is so old dated and is so widely accepted I see no problem with this word replacing the other two. Hekim is stil used by dentists as "diş hekimi" but they also use "diş doktoru" which will probably replace the former one soon.
The word doktor is a Turkish word that is even included in folk songs. It is ours.
These are a matter of acceptance. If a word has acceptance, it becomes a natural part of the language. If it hasn't, it just keeps staying there like a rooster in a hen house. Long time ago, when the first fridges came from Europe to Turkia, among Turks they were called "refigiratör". This word sounded very exciting at the time for those who wanted to show up by buying such an expensive item.
A few years lated the word was replaced with "buz dolabı". The other word sounded too artificial and was replaced with a Turkish word. If it had been sounding better it would remain. There are always alternatives suggested for words that are adopted from other languages but if a word has become too strong in Turkish than there is no chance for an alternative.
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d) Do you tend to have two words used at the same time in Turkish. For example is the word "futbol" used everywhere or does it appear only on some publiactions and then "football" is frequently used on the media? I have found as well "futbolu". Where is this word used? |
No everywhere we use only the Turkish writings.
Futbolu (the football),
futbolda (in football),
futboldan (from football),
fotbolcu (footballer),
futbolcunun (footballer's)
futbolcular (footballers)
futbolcuların (footballers')
furbolun (football's),
futbolla (with football),
fotbolsuz (without football),
fotbolcularla (with footballers),
furbolcusuz (without footballers),
have suffixes attached to the same word futbol. We almost never use the English way of writing if there is a Turkish way. Futbol is a Turkish word.
Turkish is a language based on suffixes. Instead prepositions and conjugations we have suffixes that we attach to words. We have also constructive suffix to make new words from existing word. for instance fotbolcu (footballer) is constructed from futbol.
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e) What words does the Turkish administration (government, authorities, associations etc) tend to use? Do they promote English words written phonetically in Turkish or the English loanwords written as they are. For example what do you see on the road signs in Turkey "Bus Stop" or the equivalent word for it in Turkish? |
TDK (Turkish Language Foundation) is the government organisation about Turkish.
Here is a page by them:
http://tdk.gov.tr/yazim/default.asp
on this page type sk and press "ara". No originally Turkish word starts with "sk" so you will see a few Turkish words that are adopted from foreign languages. Also try "kr" and "tr" and you will see many more results.
Thomas, the words are not English anymore when we use them. The TDK doesnt promote us foreign words. All the words are now Turkish. We write the the Turkish way and we pronounce the the Turkish way. How can a word like "telefon" be foreign?
Foreigners are using words like cafe, coffee and yogurt which are originally Turkish (yoğurt, kahve). Do they feel like "oh no let's not use this word as it is not ours. Do you feel like the word yogurt or coffee is not English when you use them?
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f) What can you tell me regarding the Great Sun Theory? |
These are the sources about this topic:
http://tdkkitaplik.org.tr/gdtraporu.asp
http://tdkkitaplik.org.tr/gdtr/gdtraporu.pdf 31.08.1936 Also in French in this documents signed by these people :
http://tdkkitaplik.org.tr/gdtr/gdtuyeler.pdf
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If you have any other comments regarding other words I will be more than grateful to read about them. |
English is threatening Turkish not because the adopted words but because the tendency among wannabees who speak a corrupted language. These are usually teenagers between 13-17.
I have heard teenagers saying "manyak güzel oldu" (it was maniacally beautiful) or "ultra kolay" (extremely easy). This is I think annoying and artificial.
There are a few words that have remained their English spelling such as web, chat, show, etc. These are only %1 among the words that have been taken from foreign languages.
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