Correct. But that is a statement for a particular situation or event.

Say, John is orginising  a birthday party, and he is buying cheap cakes or not buying too much stuff , or not spending on extra things for birthday, in order to avoid spending less on it. Then what John doing is  " John masraftan kaçıyor "

Therefore, it doesn´t describe a general characteristic of a person who always like that. Instead you can say " tutumlu  [thrifty] or eli sıkı  [tight ]"

John çok eli sıkı birisi. ---> John is very tight person. [avoids spending money ]

Adverbs with -a [e]

Akşam + a ---> in the [this] evening. [tonight]

Akşama  tv´de  maç var.  ---> There is a [football] match on tv tonight.

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Sene + y + e ---> next year

Seneye Ankara´ya taşınacağız.  ---> We will move to Ankara next year.

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Sabah + a  ---> In the morning

Sabaha kalkar giderim. ---> I´ll get up in the morning and leave.

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İlkbahar + a  ---> In next [coming] spring.

İlkbahara  ordayım. ---> I will be there in next spring.

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Yaz + a  ---> Next summer.

Yaza amcamgil geliyor.---> My uncle´s coming next [coming] summer.

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Hafta + y + a  ---> Next week

Haftaya  iki tane sınavım var. ----> Next week [coming week] I have two exams.

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Hayrı + n + a ----> Doing a good deed for someone´s  soul.

Annesinin hayrına lokma tatlısı dağıttı. ---> He/She has offered [gave]  people lokma desert for his/her mother´s soul.

"olmak  " can also mean = to have, to own, to possess

Sevgilisi ol + ma + y + an

The one [person] who does not have a lover

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Onun hiç arabası olmamış.

[I heard that, I was told that ] He/She never had a car.

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Hiç çocukları olmuş mu ?

Did they have any child ?

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Evet , geçmişte zor günlerim oldu, ama şu an rahatım.

Yes, I had many hard days in the past, but now I am confortable. [I have easy life]

I got rid of first "olan"  In order to avoid repeating it. And added "and" to conjoin two sentences.

Olan´ı yok edip ve´yi koyarsan o zaman olur.

Getting rid of "olan" and adding "ve" will make it good.

The one who came to the age of  19.............

In other words, a person who is 19 yrs old now........

For example in the very first link you referred, the sentence says:

19 yaşına gelmiş olup hala sevgilisi olmayan insan.

This title conveys sarcasm, referring a person who came to the age of 19 and yet has no lover.

çay –Tea

çay - Stream, creek

Çay içer misiniz ---> Would you drink tea ?

Köylü kadınlar çayın kenarında çamaşır yıkıyorlar.

Village women are washing the laundry by the stream.

Ben can have two different meanings ,

Ben -  I 

Ben  - Beauty spot [mark]

Beauty marks--> small, black or brown, singular moles on the face, neck, or shoulders.

Ben geldim. ---> I came.

Yüzünde ben var. ---> She has a beauty mark on her face.

yaz - the imperative form of  the verb "yazmak " --> write

yaz  -  summer

Mektup yaz ! ---> Write a letter

Yaz geldi.  ---> The summer came.