| 696. |
12 Jun 2006 Mon 03:59 pm |
|
Quoting bod: If mastar hali can only be used with istemek, how do you generally construct sentences with more than one verb? |
I. Verbal Nouns:
I see what you mean. We generally use the short infinitive -me, -ma. Afterwards we add a case suffix. This depends entirely on the verb. If the verb takes accusative we ad an accusative case suffix.
Let's have a look on this sentence:
"I like reading books. "
"Kitap okumayı seviyorum. "
Here, the verb is 'seviyorum' and 'to like'. "Reading books" and "kitap okumayı" are both objective clauses. 'Okumayı' is a noun. 'Y' is a buffer and 'i' is an accusative case because sevmek takes accusative.
In English 'reading' is also a noun. There is a smillarity here on both languages by creating nouns from verbs using -ing or -ma suffixes.
II. Verbal Adverbs:
There are many suffixes in Turkish that derive nouns, adjectives or adverbs out of verbs. So we should consider these words as nouns, adjectives or adverbs even though they are generated from verbs.
The infinitive is by definition the noun form of a verb and doesn't need any other suffix. While -mek is the full infinitive we have also the short infinitive -me. Both are nouns. For instance in the above sentence okuma is the short infinitive.
II. Verbal Adverbs:
With verbal adverbs the difference is bigger between languages. English uses prepositions like 'when', 'by', 'since', 'without' but we use suffixes.
Here are some example:
"Sen gülünce çok güzel oluyorsun."
"You become very beautiful when you smile."
In these sentences "sen gülünce" equals to "when you smile". "Gülünce" is a verbal adverb derived from gülmek with the suffix -ince.
"Bütün yolu yürüyerek gittim. "
"I went the whole way by foot. "
Here "yürüyerek" equals to "by foot". -erek, -arak are verbal adverb suffixes.
"Geldiğini duymadım. "
"I didn't hear you coming. "
Here "geldiğini" equals to "you coming". The -dik suffix can gerenate both adjectives and adverbs.
III. Verbal Adjectives:
Again the difference is huge between languages. Verbal adverbs and and verbal adjectives are amongst the most advanved issues for Turkish learners.
Sizi tanıdığım birine benzettim.
Literally: I found you smillar to somebody I know.
Here "To somebody I know" equalls to "tanıdığım birine."
|
|
